Greenland’s harsh environment and lack of infrastructure have prevented rare earth mining

Greenland'sharsh environment, lack of key infrastructure and difficult geology have so far prevented anyone from building a mine to extract the sought-after rare earth elements that many high-tech products require.

- By JOSH FUNK and SUMAN NAISHADHAM

A VIEW OF HOUSES in Nuuk, Greenland, in this photo taken in June 2025. (AP)

(AP)

Even if President Donald Trump prevails in his effort to take control of the arctic island, those challenges won't go away.Trump has prioritized breaking China's stranglehold on the global supply of rare earths ever since the world's number two economy sharply restricted who could buy them after the United States imposed widespread tariffs last spring. The Trump administration has invested hundreds of millions of dollars and even taken stakes in several companies. Now the president is again pitching the idea that wresting control of Greenland away from Denmark could solve the problem.

"We are going to do something on Greenland whether they like it or not," Trump said Friday.

But Greenland may not be able to produce rare earths for years - if ever. Some companies are trying anyway, but their efforts to unearth some of the 1.5 million tons of rare earths encased in rock in Greenland generally haven't advanced beyond the exploratory stage. Trump's fascination with the island nation may be more about countering Russian and Chinese influence in the Arctic than securing any of the hard-to-pronounce elements like neodymium and terbium that are used to produce the high-powered magnets needed in electric vehicles, wind turbines, robots and fighter jets among other products.