Fossil Fuels Can't Be Eliminated

Industry experts at the Business Standard Infrastructure Summit say the country's green energy success depends on a long-term policy, investments, and the development of domestic technology and financing solutions

- BS REPORTER

As various nations grapple with energy transition and climate commitments, India's challenge is similar. The country relies on fossil fuels for more than 80 percent of its energy supply, so the shift to green sources cannot jeopardize economic growth. Policymakers, industry leaders and energy experts discussed India's options during a panel discussion at the Business Standard Infrastructure Summit in New Delhi.

Alok Kumar, former secretary in the Ministry of Power, set the tone by acknowledging the centrality of fossil fuels in India's energy system. "Fossil fuels are the backbone of our energy security today, not only in India but globally," he said. Almost 80 percent of India's energy comes from coal and the country imports more than 80 percent of its oil and more than 50 percent of gas. "Gas imports are projected to rise to 60-70 percent in the next five to six years," Kumar noted, underlining the constraints of an import-dependent economy.

Green transition Despite depending on imports India cannot afford to delay the transition to green energy. "We need to move away from fossil fuels as quickly as possible in an orderly manner. But this transition will take decades. Fossil fuels will continue to be important while we accelerate renewable energy."

Using fossil fuel in better ways is an interim solution. "There is a lot of scope for energy efficiency in greening the processes," said Kumar, referring to coal mines and refineries that are working to reduce emissions. "Coal mines are diesel intensive but several of their equipment are now getting electrified. Coal loading is done by diesel-operated lifters, but these silos can be turned to electric silos and electric trains. Similarly, if refineries use green hydrogen, they can bring down emissions."