New energy breakthrough points to future beyond batteries in aviation

Researchers develop sodium-based fuel cell that could surpass lithium-ion batteries in energy density, unlocking new possibilities for electric planes, drones, ships, and trains.

- 

Researchers from MIT have developed a new sodium-based fuel cell that could significantly impact the future of electric transportation, particularly in aviation. Designed to deliver over three times the energy density of today's lithium-ion batteries, this fuel cell could offer a practical, lightweight alternative for powering aircraft, heavy-duty vehicles, ships, and trains.

Unlike conventional batteries that store energy and are sealed units, fuel cells work by introducing external fuel to generate electricity. The new concept developed by a team of researchers at MIT and other institutions uses liquid sodium metal as fuel, paired with atmospheric oxygen. A solid ceramic electrolyte allows sodium ions to travel between the fuel and air, while a porous electrode supports the chemical reaction that produces electricity.