Everything You Need To Know About PCOS

We take a look at this common and often undiagnosed condition

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WHAT IS PCOS?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age.

Women with PCOS often have an imbalance of insulin and androgen hormones (such as testosterone).

“The excessive insulin affects the normal functioning of the ovaries,” says Dr Sonia Davison, endocrinologist at Melbourne’s Hailes for Women’s Health ( jeanhailes.org.au).

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS?

Irregular periods, fertility problems, scalp hair loss, excess facial or body hair, acne, pigmentation and weight gain are all common symptoms. PCOS has also been linked with depression, anxiety, and an increased risk of sleep apnoea, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Women often have only some symptoms.

HOW DO I GET DIAGNOSED?

To meet the criteria for a PCOS diagnosis, you need two out of these three signs:

· Irregular or missed periods

· High levels of androgen hormones (this can be assessed with a blood test)

· An ovarian ultrasound that shows symptoms that are consistent with PCOS