THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM For Electric Vehicles
Electronics For You|January 2023
Recently some electric bikes caught fire due to failure of battery management system because of poor battery design. Unfortunately, proper thermal management is not there in most electric vehicles at present. So, here is a project to monitor the battery temperature and smoke detection to alert the EV user and stop the EV well in time to avoid further damage.
E.VENKATESAN AND M.DINESH
THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM For Electric Vehicles

The authors' prototype of the thermal management system is shown in Fig. 1 and its block diagram is shown in Fig. 2.

Lithium-ion battery has a specified operational temperature of -20°C to +60°C. It will provide the longest service life if its temperature is always kept within approximately 10°C to 40°C.

The proposed system, powered by a 12V battery, is built around ESP32 board (U1), temperature sensor DS18B20 (U2), smoke sensor MQ135 (U3), 16 × 2 LCD display (U4), 5V regulator LM7805 (U5), and a few other components. The SPDT switch and potentiometer are connected to input of ESP32 controller while I2C, 16 x 2 LCD display, buzzer, relay, and Arduino Blue Control application are connected to its output. SPDT switch S1 is for mode selection to display the current temperature or to configure the threshold.

Software

This story is from the January 2023 edition of Electronics For You.

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