Climate change has emerged as one of the prominent environmental issues in the recent past. Despite the burgeoning pressure of curbing emissions and achieving net zero targets, for developing nations like India, development activities are imperative to meet the necessities of its population. A majority of the rural population in India is primarily dependent on agriculture and forest resources for their day-to-day livelihood. However, the erratic rainfall patterns and extreme events are having an unfavourable impact on agricultural production, risking their sustenance. For forest-dwelling communities, this dependence is in the form of the collection of a variety of non-timber forest produce (NTFP) and the collection of fuelwood and fodder for subsistence and livelihood purposes. Due to this dependence, and lack of sufficient infrastructure, the local communities venture into the forest areas resulting in human–wildlife conflict that further results in the loss of human lives and wild animals in the retaliatory process.
This demands establishing an efficient mechanism in place, which not only reduces the dependency of these communities but also diversifies their livelihood alternatives for enhancing their resilience against the negative impacts of climate change.
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