Plastics and microplastics
According to Eriksen et al. 2014 there are around 5 trillion plastic bits of all sizes floating in the oceans, which weighs about 250,000 tonnes. Growing awareness of plastic pollution of ocean has led to better plastic waste management, prohibitions were imposed by several nations on the use of microplastics in cosmetics, and in the use of disposable plastic products like shopping bags, cutlery etc. Plastics which are smaller than 5 mm are classified as Microplastics. Microplastics are usually divided into two categories according to the source namely primary and secondary. Microplastics are released into the environment either accidently or through wastewater. Pellets used in the production of bigger plastic goods, as well as microbeads used in cosmetics and industrial processes are the principal sources. Plastic fragmentation, weathering of plastic debris on shorelines, sea, and UV induced brittleness of plastics are the secondary sources of microplastics.
Microplastics in Fishes and Bivalves
Rochman and his team conducted a study on the 76 whole fish which includes 11 species purchased from Indonesian fish market and they discovered that gastrointestinal track of these species contains about 28 percentage of plastic waste. The same team has evaluated the 64 whole fish which includes 12 species purchased from California and they identified that 25 percent microplastics are available in the gut of these species.
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