<div style="page-break-before:always; page-break-after:always">Faraday Future is likely to be one electric mobility and technology company whose name may be familiar. The California-based but Los Angeles-headquartered firm first appeared in 2014 and unveiled its FF 91 luxury EV in 2017. And although the car is still to enter production, the company has announced details of its fully submerged battery cooling technology, which has been developed in partnership with M&amp;I Materials Ltd. The MIVOLT liquid system of the British firm uses dielectric fluids for the direct immersion cooling of electrical systems. The MIVOLT fluids have a unique chemistry that removes heat directly from all areas of a battery cell surface for improved battery performance. They are also non-toxic, have a high specific heat capacity and fire point, a low viscosity, and are readily biodegradable. Heat transfer begins at the source using direct liquid immersion cooling, with no reliance on a secondary indirect cooling system, resulting in less complexity and weight.The direct immersion cooling system developed by M&amp;I Materials Ltd uses ester-based dielectric liquids. &ldquo;There are a number of advantages to using an ester-based dielectric liquid instead of using water glycol-type coolants,&rdquo; says Mark Lashbrook, technical director. &ldquo;The biggest advantage is their low electrical conductivity, which allows the liquid to come into direct contact with electrically conductive parts of the battery without risk of short-circuiting. We&rsquo;re able to fully submerge the conductive components and provide direct cooling, taking heat away from every part of the battery cell. Direct immersion cooling is more effective at removing heat than indirect methods such as cold plates or heat pipes.&rdquo;<img src="https://magarticles.magzter.com/articles/5098/578795/5ff6ddf4086fe/1610013997679.jpg" owidth=1194 oheight=802" width="300" />At a vehicle level, the FF 91&rsquo;s radiators cool the fluid which is warmed by the battery pack. At a battery pack level, the cold fluid coming from the radiators flows through 6 &lsquo;strings&rsquo; of cells &ndash; each of which contains 6 modules &ndash; of the battery pack, where it gets warmed up, before once again being cooled by the radiators.Engineered with LG Chem, the FF 91&rsquo;s battery has a capacity of 130kWh. &ldquo;We have an industry-leading energy density battery pack with 187Wh/kg when the pack is dry,&rdquo; says Nicolas Bel, a senior lead thermal engineer at Faraday Future. &ldquo;With a vehicle range of up to 435 miles (700km) on &ndash; the now replaced &ndash; NEDC test cycle estimates, submerged cooling is the solution that enables the FF 91 to meet those requirements, while at the same time being able to maintain an acceptable battery temperature, which in turn leads to increased safety and also a longer lifetime of the cells.&rdquo;One reason Faraday Future decided to go for this technology was because of the very aggressive performance demands: the 1,050hp (783kW) FF 91 is claimed to go from 0-60mph in 2.39 seconds. Other submerged cooling tech benefits include reduced cell spacing, resulting in more energy-dense batteries, as well as a lower risk of corrosion.Faraday Future has recently completed the expansion and extension of a senior bridge financing facility to support the launch of the FF 91 &ndash; and development of its mass-market FF 81 &ndash; with plans for the first cars to be with buyers in 2021.

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