YOUR GUIDE TO SURVIVING FLU SEASON IN SA

THE South African Medical Association is expressing concern about a significant increase in flu cases as winter's icy grip takes hold of South Africa.

- ZAMANDOSI CELE

This seasonal increase has drawn significant attention to the influenza virus, its various types, symptoms, and the measures we can take to protect ourselves during the colder months.

What is influenza?

The National Institute of Communicable Diseases (NICD) defines influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, as an acute respiratory illness caused by an infection of the respiratory tract.

The flu is not just a simple cold; it can lead to severe health complications, especially in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and those with preexisting health conditions.

Two primary types of influenza circulate among humans: Type A and Type B.

Influenza A is particularly concerning this season, with subtypes A(H1N1) pdm09 and A(H3N2) being the most prevalent.

The A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype is often recognised as “swine flu”, a term that can evoke anxiety among the public, especially when reports suggest that the virus is spreading rapidly.

However, medical professionals reassure the public that this strain behaves similarly to other seasonal influenza viruses, and infected individuals should be treated as they would for any typical case of flu.

Importantly, no specific public health interventions are necessary for contact with patients infected with the virus.

Understanding the spread of influenza

Flu is highly infectious and can spread easily from person to person.

Transmission primarily occurs through the inhalation of infected respiratory droplets released when an infected individual sneezes, coughs, or even talks.