Cleaner construction is better pollution control

Many Indian cities have been grappling with polluted air. When the air quality index (AQI) deteriorates, under the Graded Action Response Plan (GRAP), a host of measures come into effect depending on the level of pollution.

- Sree Kumar Kumaraswamy

The higher levels of GRAP include stringent measures, including halting private and public construction in affected areas, given construction activities are a key source of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) pollution across urban India.

While pollution reduction measures are welcome, a blanket ban on construction adversely impacts the economy as well as lives and livelihoods. The construction industry is the second-largest contributor to India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), after agriculture. India is also expected to become the third-largest construction market worldwide this year. There is an urgent need for a balanced approach—one that ensures economic growth without compromising on livelihoods or quality of life.

Many cities stipulate regulations for mitigating air pollution at construction sites but lack the necessary intent to address the sources of emissions. Efforts tend to focus more on the optics of compliance. To truly address pollution from construction, the industry must consider the following practices.

Effective site enclosure: The commonly used green safety net is designed to prevent accidents and does not capture fine dust particles. To better contain dust, the structure should ideally be covered with opaque tarpaulin sheets when internal work is ongoing.